The Biological Theories Of Crime Essay - 1218 Words

Biological theories of crime attempt to explain behaviors through examination of individual characteristics. Cesare Lombroso was one of the founding fathers of the biological theory of criminology, stating that criminals are biologically different from non-criminals. The biological perspective explained that crime was a characteristic of human nature. Through Lombroso’s research observing physical characteristics in Italian prisoners and soldiers, he concluded that criminals were physically different. He also linked facial characteristics with criminality. Modern biological theorists, for the most part, reject Lombroso’s concept of â€Å"born criminals†. Current explanations are now more focused in brain functioning, genetics, and neurology. The emphasis in biological theory is seen through constitutional theories that explain criminality by reference to criminals body type and external physical characteristics. One assumptions of the constitutional theory is, di fferent physiologic types tend to be associated with different corresponding psychologic types and that this association has a genetic basis. A different type of physique meant a different type of deviancy. Constitutional theories are associated with Ernst Kretschmer William H. Sheldon. These theorist believed a person s physical build and appearance had a connection in their likelihood to commit a crime. Thus the basic determinants of human behavior are constitutionally or genetically based. Lombroso s approach mayShow MoreRelatedThe Biological Theory Of Crime2339 Words   |  10 Pages‘While theories which locate the causes of crime in biological differences might provide useful explanations for the behaviour of a minority of offenders, they are very limited as general explanations of criminality’. Discuss. The biological theory of crime proposes that an individual behaves criminally and deviates from social norms due to their biological makeup of genes, DNA etc. However, modern researchers’ view that any part of biology played in the explanation of criminality is indicating anRead MoreThe Biological Theory Of Crime Causation1082 Words   |  5 PagesCrime causation is a complex and daunting field. For centuries, philosophers have pondered the meaning of the concept of cause as it pertains to human behavior. Examining why people commit crime is very important in the ongoing debate of how crime should be handled and prevented. A few of the theories that have emerged and continue to be explored are biological, sociological and psychological theories. While individually and in combination, these theories of crime causation affect human behaviorRead MoreLombroso’s Biological Theory of Crime Essay617 Words   |  3 PagesLombroso’s biological theory of crime: The most vivid example of the biological determinism is the theory of Cesare Lombroso. Lombroso based his theory on the assumption that criminals have certain physiognomic features or abnormalities. Lombroso wanted to be able to detect future criminals in order to isolate them from the society. This gave criminology a strong push to create new methods of dealing with criminals and prevent crimes. Lombroso implied that prisoners had common facial characteristicsRead MoreBiological Determinism, Subculture Crime And Conflict Theories1652 Words   |  7 PagesThe theories that will be looked at in order to provide a sufficient report for the judge on what caused Albert to enter a life of crime which culminated in his conviction for murder are; biological determinism, ecological determinism, subculture crime and conflict theories. Biological determinism One of the best known application of biological determinism in relation to crime is from Cesare Lombroso who â€Å"Viewed criminals as suffering from a depravity caused by an atavistic reversion:† In otherRead MoreThe Biological And Psychological Theories Of Crime And Criminal Behavior1764 Words   |  8 PagesCrime is adaptation to life stress. It is best understood in terms of the manner in which the individual experiences the biological, psychological and socially determined situations of his existence. (Halleck, 1967, p. 63) The modern police department was born out of urban mob violence that tormented the nation’s cities during the nineteenth century. The new police departments were replacements for the night-watch systems and relegated constables and sheriffs to serving court orders and running jailsRead MoreLabeling Modern Biological and Psychoanalytic Theories in Crime: An Analysis594 Words   |  2 Pagesmodern biological, and psychoanalytical theories in c rime There have been many approaches taken in attempting to uncover the factors that contribute and influence criminal behavior. Criminological theories aim at determining the social, psychological, and biological factors that influence criminality. Three theories that attempt to investigate that causation of crime and criminal behavior are labeling theories, modern biological theories, and psychoanalytical theory. Labeling theories are basedRead MoreThe Rational Choice and Biological Trait Theories Essay1748 Words   |  7 Pageshave been committing crimes for centuries, and they are always fooling the police detectives and federal agencies sometimes. If the justice departments would actually look at the persons thought processes and reasoning before a crime is committed, the justice departments will be able to answer the reason for the crime. The different departments could possibly figure out why the criminal did what they did in the first. For instance, they should use a couple of criminology theories to help them with certainRead MoreEssay Biological Explanations of Criminal Behaviour1357 Words   |  6 PagesCrime theories are still in a development stage; it is an evolutionary process that continues to this day. Crime is still a complex and misunderstood phenomenon with no concrete evidence when it comes to human behavior. Throughout time there have been endless amounts of crime theor ies, few of which revolve around biological explanations. We have Cesare Lombroso and the Positive School who thought that criminals were genetically different from the rest of the general population, that they were biologicallyRead MoreThe Case Of Jeffrey Dahmer Essay1377 Words   |  6 PagesChecking the genetics of a person can tell much about the person and who they are. Does where a person lives and the environment they are in constantly influence them to commit crime? Is it the genetic makeup of the person that makes a more probable chance for them to commit a crime? â€Å"Drilling into the skull of a young man he began to funnel a stream of sulfuric acid into the head of his unconscious victim to create a zombie to fulfill all of his fantasies. Dead within a day, he mummified the headRead MoreThe Classical School Of Criminology1216 Words   |  5 Pages Crime has always been a part in society and reacting to crimes and the severity of crimes has been and ever evolving issue on how authorities should punish in order to deter people from breaking the laws of the land. Therefore, certain people have created theories on why individuals commit crimes. The two most famous schools of that are Classical Theory and Biological/Positivist Theory. These theories contain insights to why people commit crimes and the most effective way to deal with these

Using Psychology Methods in a Case Study - 729 Words

Case Study: Janet Name College Case Study: Janet A case study is an in-depth analysis of a person, event, decision, period, project, policy, institution, or other system that is studied holistically by one or more methods. By gathering data and variety of sources and using these different methods, researchers can use scientific methods and perspectives to relate with various patterns and causes for behavior. In the field of psychology, case studies are widely known to help Psychologist’s and researchers with the assistance to help understand and overcome a person’s illness. While examining the â€Å"Case Study: Janet’, the use of psychology’s four goals and the modern perspectives were used to help determine the interpretation of†¦show more content†¦Formal Operations Stage Janet acquired her adult learning behavior through these four stages, where the presence of her father’s environment influenced her in a life long impairment. Prediction What we learn as a child can carry us into adulthood, and Janet will undoubtedly never feel respected from the physical and emotional abuse if she does not seek counseling to help her. Change. Janet can seek professional counseling; advice from friends and family, to improve upon accepting, respecting, and loving herself in order to improve upon her future relationships. Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic Perspective The Psychoanalytic/Psychodynamic Perspective was formed during the late 1800s to early 1900s in Europe (Gay, 2000), by it’s founder Sigmund Freud. An Austrian physician, who was fascinated by the mind’s influence on behavior and the physical body with focus on the unconscious process and past conflicts. This perspective fits in Janets case as she has unresolved past conflicts stemming from her childhood. Behavior Perspective In the early 1900s another course of Psychology appeared called the Behavior Perspective, founded by John B. Watson (1913). The perspective emphasized objective, observable environmental influences on overt behavior. In this case, Janets environment influence was by her father. These types of environment lead Jane to accepting this type of discipline send conditional messages. Cognitive PerspectiveShow MoreRelatedEssay about Advantages of the Use of the Scientific Method in Psychology835 Words   |  4 PagesAdvantages of the use of the scientific method in psychology There are a number of advantages to using scientific methods in psychology. Firstly an important aspect of imperial data is that it is objective, i.e. not affected by expectations of the research. So, without objectivity we have no way of being certain that data collected is valid. An example of this is seen with Gardner amp; Gardner. When they observed Washoe they might have judged that Washoe was using real words because they wanted herRead MoreDiscuss to What Extent Psychology Can Be Considered a Science.1129 Words   |  5 PagesWhat Extent Psychology Can Be Considered a Science. According to Merriam Webster (2008), science is a, â€Å"knowledge or a system of knowledge covering general laws especially as obtained and tested through scientific method†, with scientific method in five steps being, â€Å"observation/research, hypothesis, prediction, experimentation and conclusion.† (sciencemadesimple.com, 2006). With this to consider, is psychology a science and if so, to what extent. It would be fair to say that psychology has not alwaysRead MoreAdvantages And Disadvantages Of A Case Study789 Words   |  4 PagesCase Study In the world of psychology, there are a plethora number of research methods that can be used while conducting research. Case studies are one of the methods that are used. There are numerous reasons why researchers use case studies for their research. Although there are advantages and disadvantages of using the case study approach, there are many resources one can use throughout conducting a case study. Case studies are used for distinctive scenarios concerning an individual, communityRead MoreHow Psychology Is The Human Mind And Behavior1513 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology is the science which helps to understand the human mind and behaviour. To understand properly, one needs to trust on scientific methods that would help in recognizing the aspects related to the behaviour and psychological processes going in the mind of an individual. Instead of just trusting on personal observations about the experiences that an individual faces, the process of scientific research is much more sy stematic as well as authentic while trying to assess the details about theRead MoreFundamentals of Research Methodology1216 Words   |  5 Pagesof Research Methodology Paper Psychology is a discipline which seeks to study the thoughts and actions of men in a scientific way. Science is a marvelous development in the history of human thought. The American Heritage Dictionary defines psychology as the science dealing with the mind, mental and emotional processes, and the science of human behavior. It defines science as systemized knowledge derived from observations and study. Scientific study is a way of understanding life and developingRead MoreThe Theoretical Approaches Of Psychology1651 Words   |  7 PagesPsychology is the scientific â€Å"study of the mind† (Gross, 2015) and behaviour, which includes the study of humans and animals. There are various approaches in modern psychology. A theoretical approach is a perspective which is someone’s view about human behaviour, there can be many different theories within an approach, however they all piece together the same assumptions. (McLeod, 2007). A theory is an attempt by theorist s to try to explain behaviour. Theories are not facts but can be verified byRead MoreThe Father Of Experimental Psychology Wilhelm Wundt ( 1832-1920 ) And The Founder Of Behaviourism John1548 Words   |  7 Pagesexperimental psychology Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) and the founder of behaviourism John. B Watson both have opposing and corresponding views on psychology. In this essay I will compare and contrast both concepts which will include experimental psychology, introspection, operant and classical conditioning, immediate conscious, objective measurement and lab experiments. Wilhelm Wundt (1832-1920) was a German psychologist who wanted to study and examine human immediate conscious experience using experimentalRead MoreLightner Witmer Helped Shape The World Of Psychology The1493 Words   |  6 Pages Lightner Witmer helped shape the world of psychology the way it is today by creating the field of clinical psychology (McReynolds, 1987). His early importance of wanting to focus on individuality became the basis of his clinical method and using a one-to-one approach (Fagan, Witmer s Contribution to School Psychological Services, 1996). After he received his BA he took a teaching position at Rugby Academy. During his second year at Rugby, James Cattell entered the faculty and influenced WitmerRead MoreThe Ins And Outs Of Research905 Words   |  4 PagesDiscussion In psychology, the purpose of research is to improve knowledge and inform action. This research must be of higher quality in order to form consistent boundaries in science. It also must not limit to exceed boundaries in order to advance and become more in depth with the subject at hand. There are three methods of research that have, more often than not, come to subjective conclusions. These methods include Case studies, which involves observing what has happened in the ‘case history’ ofRead MoreUsing Data Is Necessary For Conducting A Good Research876 Words   |  4 Pagesthe field. A systematic approach using a research method that provides accurate, reliable, and selective critical use of data is necessary for conducting a good research. A good research supports or challenges existing theory. When conducting a scientific method research, the researcher may review, analyze, and test an area of research that has been previously studied. The researcher will develop a hypothesis statement that will predict the outcomes of the study. A research hypothesis is a statement

Summary of Percey Jackson and the Olympians Series free essay sample

The Percy Jackson and the Olympians series consists of five books, Percy Jackson and the Lightning Thief, the Sea of Monsters, the Titan’s Curse, the Battle of the Labyrinth, and the Last Olympian. Each book has a quest that Percy and his friends Annabeth Chase, daughter of Athena, and Grover, a satyr go on. Each one has a different purpose and all leading up to the war with the Titan Lord Kronos in the last book. The opening situation is in the first book when Percy is introduced as the kid that has ADHD, dyslexia, a bad reputation for being expelled from many schools, and his only friend is Grover Underwood. While is on a fieldtrip in his current school, Yancey, he becomes aware of his power for controlling water and is bewildered. After this incident Mr. Brunner, Grover, and Percy drive to Camp Half-Blood while Mr. Brunner, who is actually Chiron the director of the camp and a centaur, explains what is happening. We will write a custom essay sample on Summary of Percey Jackson and the Olympians Series or any similar topic specifically for you Do Not WasteYour Time HIRE WRITER Only 13.90 / page It is revealed that Percy is a demigod, half human and half god, and Grover Underwood is a satyr and was at Percy’s school to protect him. Soon after Percy arrives at camp, he is claimed by Poseidon, which means that Poseidon is his father. Camp Half-Blood is a place where demigods come to train and defend themselves against monsters. The conflicts in the series are when Zeus’s lightning bolts go missing and he thinks that Percy is the thief. So Percy goes on a journey to find the real thief and retrieve the lightning bolts to return to Zeus. In the second book when Percy was twelve, he, Annabeth and Clarrisse, daughter of Ares had to go find the Golden Fleece to save the magical tree that protected the camp. In the third book, Percy and Annabeth and Grover find two new demigods at a boarding school, Nico and Bianca di Angelo. They are the only known children of Hades . Bianca gets killed in a battle with a monster after she joins the Hunters of Artemis. The Battle of the Labyrinth is when Annabeth and Percy accidentally fall into a large maze and Annabeth recognizes it as being the Labyrinth created by Daedalus, and realized that that was how Kronos’s army was going to invade their camp. So Annabeth, Percy, Grover and Tyson (Cyclopes) go on a mission to prevent this from happening. While on the quest they hear that the army has invaded camp and returned to help. In the end Daedalus sacrifices himself because he is the only one keeping the abyrinth alive. The rising action is in the last book when they all prepare for the war between the demigods and Kronos’s army. The climax of the series is when Luke, who’s body is just being used by Kronos, and Percy have their last battle. Luke’s body became invincible when Kronos took over but he was still in there, fighting, and finally he was able to tell Percy Kronos’s weak spot. The final outcome is when they win the war and is cleaning up the mess that the battle left. The flat character in the Percy Jackson series is Annabeth because she stays the same throughout the whole series. She doesn’t change personality. The dynamic character is Grover because as the story goes on he gets more and more stressed because he cant seem to find the god of the wild, Pan, which is his duty as a satyr. But when he does, it was Pans time to pass because the climate change was out of his power and told him to deliver the message to all the other satyrs but they don’t believe him. The protagonist is Percy Jackson and the Antagonist is the Titan Lord Kronos. Bibliography: the five books: percy jackson and the lightning thief, sea of monsters, the titans curse, the battle of the labyrinth, and the last olympian